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Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE), is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Provisions of the Constitution of India having a bearing on Education )〕 India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=India joins list of 135 countries in making education a right )〕
==History==
Present Act has its history in the drafting of the Indian constitution at the time of Independence but is more specifically to the Constitutional Amendment of 2002 that included the Article 21A in the Indian constitution making Education a fundamental Right. This amendment, however, specified the need for a legislation to describe the mode of implementation of the same which necessitated the drafting of a separate Education Bill.
A rough draft of the bill was composed in year 2005. It received much opposition due to its mandatory provision to provide 25% reservation for disadvantaged children in private schools. The sub-committee of the Central Advisory Board of Education which prepared the draft Bill held this provision as a significant prerequisite for creating a democratic and egalitarian society. Indian Law commission had initially proposed 50% reservation for disadvantaged students in private schools.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Microsoft Word - Final Right To Education Bill 2005 modified-14.11.2005.doc )〕
On 7 May 2014, The Supreme Court of India ruled that Right to Education Act is not applicable to Minority institutions.〔(Minority institutions are exempted from Right to Education Act )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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